Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a group of diseases caused by the degeneration of the macula, the area of ​​the retina responsible for central vision. This results in loss of central vision, while peripheral vision remains intact. For example, you might be able to see the edges of a clock but not be able to tell the time.

Symptoms and warning signs

The symptoms vary from patient to patient, and it can be difficult for patients to notice visual abnormalities in the early stages, especially if the other eye still sees well. Patients may not notice any abnormalities for many years. However, if macular degeneration occurs in both eyes, patients will notice visual abnormalities very quickly, such as:

• I can't see very clearly.
• The image is distorted.
• The colors appear distorted.
• There is a black spot in the center of the image.
• Difficulty seeing in bright light / Photophobia

Diagnosis by an ophthalmologist specializing in retinal diseases

An ophthalmologist specializing in retinal diseases will dilate the pupil and use an endoscope to examine the retina and macula in detail for initial diagnosis. Further examination will then be performed using specialized medical equipment, which Bangpakok 9 International Hospital has advanced technology for, namely the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) scanner. This device measures retinal thickness and clearly visualizes pathologies beneath the retina without causing pain or harm to the patient. In addition, the OCT machine can be used to accurately monitor treatment progress.

Preparation

Pre-operative cataract screening requires pupil dilation, which will result in blurred vision for approximately 6 hours. Therefore, it is advisable to bring a family member to accompany you home, and patients should bring all necessary medications with them.

Treatment

Current treatment for age-related macular degeneration involves close monitoring of symptoms and disease progression. If symptoms are severe, laser treatment or intravitreal injections may be considered, as prescribed by a specialist ophthalmologist.

Protection

• Get regular eye checkups, especially if you are over 50 or have a family history of macular degeneration.
  Quit smoking.
• Avoid prolonged exposure to light or ultraviolet radiation.
• Choose foods rich in antioxidants, such as leafy green vegetables and fruits, and take vitamin supplements.